Article - Epitokes: The Dancing Worms


	Article - Epitokes: The Dancing Worms

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Epitokes: The Dancing Worms

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	If you have ever read about "swarmers" or have seen the question that come up "What kind of worm is this?" with a description of a worm spazzing and swimming in the aquarium (usually at night), chance

There are variety of kinds of swarmers (some are known as "epitokes," some "Heteronereis"). In essence the three key practices utilized appear to be:

Epitoke

Within a group of polychaetes, the syllids, the rear (backside) section of the worms is customized to transport either ova or semen. This epitoke at some point breaks away from the primary section of the worm, and swims towards the surface to recreate. As soon as the ova are fertilized, female epitokes carry the embryos in sacs on their abdomens until eventually they hatch. The rest of the benthic worm is termed an atoke, and may carry on feeding and growing, ultimately producing new epitokes. Syllid epitokes form astounding swarms of reproductive individuals at the surface waters. This fascinating conduct is considered to be controlled via the lunar cycle, having a peak close to the full moon.A different variation is observed in some of the tropical eunicids, where the anterior portion of the worm is filled with gametes and then breaks off. It then swims up to the surface when the ova or semen is released. This in turn leaves a portion of the adult still alive (the atoke) in the rock to repeat the process again. These are in fact true epitokes.

Cloning

Some varieties (mainly in the set regarded as the syllids) bud a entire customized individual (a duplicate) out of some segment of the adult. That duplicate is altered in having no stomach, over sized eyes, and over sized swimletts (parapodia). In these creatures, the inside of the worm is loaded with body fat and other food stores. The defined grownup deposits its fertilized ova on the epitoke which then breaks away and swims off. This in turn bring it and the babies to a new habitat. Those babies grow through the embryonic phases whilst affixed to the free swimming epitoke. Once the food stores run out it sinks to the bottom, and the young, small worms are released.

Self Destruction

There are some free swimming worms that will mate at the waters surface at night. Nereids worms are sometimes mistaken for Epitokes. The difference being, with nereids, the entire worm swims to the surface and eventually ruptures filling the area with sperm and eggs.


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